Molecularly imprinting polymers (MIPs) which are synthetic artificial biomimetic receptor can be used at biosensors and drug discovery. Filamentous bacteriophages were various used for material science, drug delivery, imaging, tissue engineering and biosensor. Clofibric acid (CA) is commonly used in drugs to treat lipid lowering symptom in the blood. Uncontrolled pharmaceutical usage are widely detected in environments. Recently, various studies have been development for detection and removal process of CA.
Phages were performed by PEG/NaCl precipitation. CV were performed using an electrochemical flow module of QCM-D. Electro-polymerization occurred by scanning from 0.2 V to 0.8 V with 80 cycles at a scan rate of 100 mV/s.
The MIP showed a typical cauliflower-like surface morphology structure consisting of micro-spherical grains. However, MIP with wt-phage was significantly different and showed cross-linked structures in the patch-like surfaces. In order to confirm specific interactions of the NIP and different types of MIPs, a concentration based frequency change and a recovery experiment were conducted. All types of MIPs showed that the selectivity and binding recovery were higher than that of the NIP. When the CA concentration was about 0.5 mM, there was no significant change in removal efficiency for CA of NIP and MIPs. The removal efficiency for CA of MIP with f-phage consistently increased the binding signals. This observation may correlate with the fact that the components of f-phage, such as NH3+, COO- and aromatic rings, could form complexes with CA in the polymer matrix, which may influence the adsorption capacity of MIPs.
We describe the functionalized MIP-phage for the real time monitoring of CA. The conductive phage-polymer nanowire can be further provided the efficient on/off sensing of targets with a unique and versatile method with high and efficient reproducibility with many applications in the field of sensors, electronics as well as biomedical engineering.